Understanding Skin Cancer: Types, Symptoms, and Prevention

Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide, but the good news is that it’s also one of the most preventable. With early detection and proper sun protection, the risks can be significantly reduced. In this post, we’ll explore the different types of skin cancer, how to recognise early warning signs, and the best ways to protect your skin.

Types of Skin Cancer

There are four main types of skin cancer, each with its own characteristics:

  1. Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) – The most common form, BCC appears as a pearly or waxy bump, often on sun-exposed areas like the face and neck. While it rarely spreads, it can cause tissue damage if left untreated.
  2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) – This type typically presents as a red, scaly patch or sore that doesn’t heal. SCC is more aggressive than BCC and can spread if not treated promptly.
  3. Melanoma – The most dangerous form of skin cancer, melanoma develops in melanocytes (pigment-producing cells). It often appears as a new or changing mole with irregular borders and multiple colours. Early detection is critical, as melanoma can spread rapidly.
  4. Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) – A rare but aggressive skin cancer, MCC manifests as fast-growing nodules, usually on sun-exposed areas. It has a high risk of spreading to other parts of the body.

Early Signs and Symptoms

Recognising the early signs of skin cancer can save lives. The ABCDE rule helps identify potential melanomas:

  • A – Asymmetry: One half of the mole doesn’t match the other.
  • B – Border: Edges are irregular, blurred, or uneven.
  • C – Colour: The mole has different shades of brown, black, red, or even white.
  • D – Diameter: It is larger than 6mm (about the size of a pencil eraser).
  • E – Evolving: Any changes in size, shape, or colour over time.

For BCC and SCC, look out for persistent sores, scaly patches, or red bumps that bleed or do not heal.

Prevention: Protecting Your Skin

The best way to reduce the risk of skin cancer is through proper sun protection and early detection. Here’s how you can keep your skin safe:

✔️ Use Sunscreen – Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) daily, even on cloudy days. Reapply every two hours if swimming or sweating.

✔️ Avoid Tanning Beds – Artificial UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer and premature ageing.

✔️ Wear Protective Clothing – Cover up with wide-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and long sleeves when outdoors.

✔️ Seek Shade – Avoid direct sun exposure, especially between 10 AM and 4 PM when UV rays are strongest.

✔️ Perform Regular Skin Checks – Examine your skin monthly for any new or changing moles, and visit a dermatologist for a professional check-up at least once a year.

Conclusion

Skin cancer is preventable and treatable when detected early. By staying sun-safe and checking your skin regularly, you can significantly reduce your risk. If you notice any suspicious changes, consult a dermatologist immediately—early intervention saves lives!

Stay safe, protect your skin, and spread awareness. 🌞💙

#SkinCancerAwareness #StaySunSafe #HealthySkin

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